Over the five-year period, Moderna’s income statement reveals dramatic shifts in performance. In 2020, the company posted modest revenue (≈$803 million) with negative operating (≈–$763 million) and net income (≈–$747 million), reflecting early-stage challenges. A significant turnaround occurred in 2021 when revenue surged to approximately $18.5 billion—a jump of over 2200%—with gross profit reaching about $15.9 billion. This extraordinary growth was likely driven by the accelerated demand for COVID-19 vaccines, enabling the company to transition to a positive operating income of around $13.3 billion and a net income of about $12.2 billion. The strong performance continued into 2022 with revenue growing marginally by about 4% to $19.3 billion, although gross profit declined to approximately $13.8 billion while operating and net income fell to $9.4 billion and $8.4 billion respectively, indicating rising operational expenses or shifts in cost structure despite sustained topline momentum. However, a stark reversal is evident in 2023 and 2024. Revenue fell steeply by over 60% in 2023 to roughly $6.8 billion and continued its downward trend to $3.2 billion in 2024, paralleled by sharp declines in gross profit and a return to negative operating and net income figures. These pronounced year-over-year swings—exceeding 20% and in some cases over 60%—suggest significant market and operational challenges as the post-pandemic environment shifts demand and competitive dynamics. Overall, while Moderna experienced an explosive growth phase during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the recent declines raise concerns about revenue sustainability and operational resilience, highlighting the need for strategic adjustments in a maturing market environment.
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